NANP Board Practice Exam

Which oils are rich in gamma-linolenic acid (GLA) and promote the formation of anti-inflammatory series 1 prostaglandins?

1. Borage oil, evening primrose oil, and black currant seed oil

2. Olive oil and sunflower oil

3. Walnut oil and flaxseed oil

4. Coconut oil and palm oil

The correct answer is: Borage oil, evening primrose oil, and black currant seed oil

The correct choice highlights oils that are particularly high in gamma-linolenic acid (GLA), which is an omega-6 fatty acid known for its role in promoting the formation of anti-inflammatory prostaglandins, specifically the series 1 prostaglandins. Borage oil, evening primrose oil, and black currant seed oil are all recognized for their high content of GLA, supporting anti-inflammatory processes in the body. This focus on GLA is essential because it undergoes conversion into prostaglandin E1, a mediator involved in reducing inflammation and exhibiting protective cardiovascular effects. The presence of these oils in the diet can therefore help manage inflammatory responses and may offer benefits in conditions characterized by inflammation. Other options do not contain significant amounts of GLA or are not known for promoting the formation of anti-inflammatory prostaglandins. Olive oil and sunflower oil, while healthy, primarily contain oleic acid and linoleic acid, respectively, without the specific benefits linked to GLA. Similarly, walnut oil and flaxseed oil are rich in ALA (alpha-linolenic acid), an omega-3 fatty acid that does not directly convert into GLA. Coconut oil and palm oil are mainly composed of saturated fats and are