NANP Board Practice Exam

What type of fatty acid has exactly one double bond between carbon atoms?

1. Monounsaturated fatty acid

2. Polyunsaturated fatty acid

3. Saturated fatty acid

4. Trans fatty acid

The correct answer is: Monounsaturated fatty acid

A fatty acid that has exactly one double bond between carbon atoms is classified as a monounsaturated fatty acid. This specific structure contributes to its unique properties and health benefits. Monounsaturated fatty acids, commonly found in foods such as olive oil, avocados, and certain nuts, are known to support heart health by helping to reduce bad cholesterol levels in the blood. In contrast to polyunsaturated fatty acids, which contain two or more double bonds, monounsaturated fats provide a simpler structure that can still deliver significant health benefits. Saturated fatty acids, on the other hand, do not have any double bonds and are typically solid at room temperature, often found in animal fats and some plant oils. Trans fatty acids, while they may also involve some degree of hydrogenation that creates trans configurations, are not defined solely by having one double bond. Thus, the classification as a monounsaturated fatty acid fits perfectly for the description given in the question.