NANP Board Practice Exam

What process converts proteins into fatty acids?

1. Glycogenesis

2. Glycolysis

3. Ketogenesis

4. Lipogenesis

The correct answer is: Lipogenesis

The correct answer is the process known as lipogenesis, which refers to the synthesis of fatty acids. In biochemical terms, this process occurs mainly in the liver and adipose tissue when there is an excess of energy, and it converts surplus carbohydrates and amino acids into stored fats. In this context, proteins can be transformed into fatty acids through a series of metabolic steps, where they undergo deamination to remove their amino groups. The remaining carbon skeletons can be converted into acyl-CoA molecules, which are essential for the synthesis of fatty acids during lipogenesis. This process is vital for energy storage in the body. The other processes, while related to metabolism, have different functions. Glycogenesis is the process of converting glucose into glycogen for energy storage, glycolysis breaks down glucose to produce energy, and ketogenesis converts fatty acids into ketone bodies for energy during periods of fasting or low carbohydrate intake. Each of these processes plays an essential role in energy management, but none specifically describes the conversion of proteins into fatty acids like lipogenesis does.